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2019Sugar daddyIn May 2019, the International Power Agency issued the “Nuclear Power in Cleaning Power Systems”. Here, the ERR Energy Research Micro-Research Team translated the execution summary of the report and distributed it to the master. Welcome to revise and expand it!
(Source: WeChat public accountEscort manila“EscortERR-energy micro-information” ID: Energy-report Author: ERR-energy)
Execution Summary
In the clean power transformation, nuclear power plays the main color
North Korea Nuclear Power is a power productionSugar daddy made a serious contribution, and in 2018, 10% of the world’s electricity supply came from nuclear power. In the development industry, nuclear power accounts for 18% of the electricity generated by Sugar baby, making it the largest source of low-carbon power. However, in recent years, the proportion of nuclear power in global power supply has continued to decline. This is driven by the Delta economy, where nuclear power units are aging, newer installations have gradually decreased, and a number of power plants built in the 1970s and 1980s have been in service, reducing the rate of transformation to clean power systems. Although the growth of solar and wind energy is impressive, due to the reduction in nuclear energy, the proportion of cleaning power in total power supply in 2018 was only 36%, similar to 20 years ago. This sliding is prohibited from being mainly related to the carbonization process for accelerating power supply. Escort
The world’s clean-up power conversion brings demand to a range of technologies including nuclear power. Global power is increasingly power-based. This means that the key to realizing power system cleaning is to transform the power sector from the largest carbon dioxide emission producers to low-carbon sources, thereby reducing the transformation of transportation, heat supply and industry areas. href=”https://philippines-sugar.net/”>Sugar daddyfossil fuel emissions. Although the heroine’s promising renewable dynamic dreams have achieved good results in every issue, and Ye Qiu, who has the lowest performance, will continue to be in the lead, nuclear energy can also play a major role in fossil fuels that use carbon capture, application and storage (CCUS). With the global ambition of power to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, countries should imagine nuclear energy in the future To achieve a channel that meets the sustainable goals—including international climate goals—, the demand for clean power expansion is three times faster than today. By 2040, 85% of global power will be from clean power, compared with 36% today. In addition to large-scale investment in effectiveness and renewable power, global nuclear power generation will also increase by 80% by 2040.
Nuclear stations have made contributions to power safety in a variety of ways. Nuclear stations help maintain network stability. At a certain level, they can adjust operations according to changes in supply reduction. As the proportion of intermittent renewable power such as wind energy and solar photovoltaic (PV) increases, the demand for this type of service will also increase. Nuclear stations can reduce the amount of imported fuelsugar daddyRely on the contrary, it reduces the seasonal fluctuation impact caused by regenerative dynamic electricity generation and strengthens dynamic safety.
Extending the life of a nuclear power station is the key to turning the power back into the right track
In developing economics, policy and supervision decisions are still important to the fate of the aging reaction tank. His Sugar daddy‘s nuclear power stations were 35 years old. Sugar babyThe European Union and american have the largest active nuclear stations (over 100GW), and these nuclear stations are the oldest: the EU’s reactors have both retired for 35 years, while the american has reached 39 years. Under most circumstances, the final design of retirement period is 40 years. By 2025, about one-quarter of nuclear power plants in the economy will be shut down – an important reason for the policy of reducing the “color” of nuclear energy. The fate of the remaining installations is determined by the decision on the extension of the operation time in the next few years. For example, in american, about 90 reactors have 60 years of operation permits, but several of them have already been in service early, and more reactors are facing service risks. In Europe, japan (Japan) and other development economies, the life of nuclear power stations is also facing uncertain futures.
Economic reasons are alsoManila escort is in a state of influenceSugar baby. For nuclear power stations, life extension is much cheaper than new construction, and it has capital competition compared with other power generation technologies (including new wind and solar projects). However, they still need large investments to replace and innovate key components that enable power plants to continue safe operation. Low power wholesale prices and carbon prices, coupled with new regulations on water for cooling reactors, have made some of the nuclear stations in american economically unable to “survive”. In addition, markets and monitoring constraints often impose nuclear power because it does not price the value of nuclear power as cleaning power, nor does it make a contribution for nuclear power safety. Therefore, most nuclear power stations that develop economics can close too early.
Investment development economic development target barriers are grand
The plan to build a new nuclear station will greatly affect the opportunity to achieve clean power transformation. Avoiding nuclear power stations to be over-service and allowing longer delays to reduce the need to add renewable power. But if there is no new construction, the nuclear power can only provide temporary support to the cleaner power system.
The biggest obstacle to the construction of new nuclear power stations is to regulate investment. Plans for building new nuclear stations may face competition with other power generation technologies and the demand for a large nuclear project of billions of dollars in late-stage investment. These doubts are particularly strong in countries that have entered competitive wholesale markets.
Some of the unique challenges arising from the nature of nuclear energy technology Song Wei was stunned for a moment, then pursed his lips and smiled, “Chen Jubai, you are so stupid.” It would hinder the investment. Important obstacles include investment scale, preparation time; construction problems, delays and overspending risks; and the ability to change the policy or power system itself. In Finland, France and american’s under construction of advanced reactors have been delayed for a long time. The fact shows that their capital is far higher than the final expectations, restraining investors’ interest in the new project. On the contrary, despite the reduction of dependence on nuclear power in the Korean plan, the country is much better at completing new projects on time and on budget.
If there is no nuclear investment, it will be much more difficult to actually sustain the power system
The collapse of investment in existing nuclear and new nuclear power stations in economics will have an impact on emissions, capital and power safety. If the economic development has not been invested in a step-by-step manner, “not yet.” Raising the life of existing nuclear power stations or launching new projects, nuclear power plants in these countries will land about two-thirds by 2040. Under the current policy ambitions of the authorities, although renewable power investment will continue to grow, natural gas power generation and a large number of coal-electrical engines will have a major impact on replacing nuclear energy. For the safety of power in various countries, this will further improve the importance of natural atmosphere. By 2040, the cumulative carbon dioxide emissions may increas TC:
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